Hindi Grammar 4 (To have)

                                                     

TO HAVE - How to express possession of physical objects

In this lesson, let’s learn how to say “I have/ I don’t have/ Do you have?” There is no verb in Hindi that expresses possession. Instead, an adverb पास (paas -close/nearby) is used.  मेरे पास  है can be used only with physical objects such as house, car, siblings, wife, pets, friends, money etc. However it cannot be used in a sentence “I have a cold”.

मेरे पास है	mere paas hai	I have
तेरे पास है	tere paas hai	You have (informal)
तुम्हारे पास है	tumhaare paas hai	You have (informal)
आपके पास है	aapke paas hai	You have (formal)
इसके पास है	iske paas hai	He,she has (near to the sp.)
उसके पास है	uske paas hai	He,she has (far from the sp.)
हमारे पास है	hamaare paas hai	We have
तुम्हारे पास है	tumhaare paas hai	You have (informal)
आपके पास है	aapke paas hai	You have (formal)
इनके पास है	inke paas hai	They have (near to the speaker)
उनके पास है	unke paas hai	They have (far from the speaker.)

To say “I don’t have”, just add नहीं (naheen – not) before the verb है (hai – is).

मेरे पास नहीं है	mere paas naheen hai	I don't have
तेरे पास नहीं है	tere paas naheen hai	You don't have
तुम्हारे पास नहीं है	tumhaare paas naheen hai	You don't  have
आपके पास नहीं है	aapke paas naheen hai	You don't have  (for.)
इसके पास नहीं है	iske paasnaheen  hai	He,she doesn't  have
उसके पास नहीं है	uske paas naheen hai	He,she doesn't have
हमारे पास नहीं है	hamaare paas naheen hai	We don't have
तुम्हारे पास नहीं है	tumhaare paas naheen hai	You don't have
आपके पास नहीं है	aapke paas naheen hai	You don't have (for.)
इनके पास नहीं है	inke paas naheen hai	They don't have
उनके पास नहीं है	unke paas naheen hai	Theydon't  have

To ask “Do you have?” or “Does he have?” just add क्या (kyaa – what) in the beginning of a question. 

क्या आपके पास है ? (Kyaa aapke paas hai? – Do you have?)

It is also possible to add क्या at the end of a sentence.

आपके पास है  क्या? (Aapke paas hai kyaa? – Do you have?)

Also, it is common to ask questions without using क्या at all. To indicate a question, the intonation should be raised.

आपके पास भाई बहिन है? (Aapke paas bhaae- bahin hai? – Do you have brothers or sisters?)

One more way to say “I have” is just by dropping पास (paas – nearby) completely.

मेरे दो भाई और दो बहिनें हैं। (Mere do bhaaee aur do bahinen hain. – I have two brothers and two sisters.)

Please read the dialogue between two children Raja and Ram. It illustrates the usage of “have”.

राजा: मेरे पास दो भाई हैं।

क्या तेरे पास भाई-बहिन है?

राम: हाँ, हैं. एक भाई और दो बहिन हैं।

राजा: वे कितने साल के है?

राम: मेरा एक भाई तेरह साल का है, बड़ी वाली बहिन सोलह साल की है और चोटी वाली - चार साल की है।

राजा: स्कूल जाते हैं वे?

राम: सिर्फ में और मेरा भाई जाते हैं।

राजा: बहिन क्यूँ नहीं जातें हैं?

राम: क्योंकी हमारे पास इतने पैसे नहीं हैं।

Raja: Mere paas do bhaaee hain. Kyaa tere paas bhaaee bahin hain?

Ram: Haan, hain. Ek bhaaee or do bahin hain.

Raja: Ve kitne saal ke hain?

Ram: Meraa ek bhaaee terah saal kaa hai, badee valee bahin solah saal ki hai or choTee valee chaar saal kee hai.

Raja: Skool jaaten hain ve?

Ram: Sirf main or mera bhaaee jaate hain.

Raja: Bahin kyuun naheen jaatee hain?

Ram: Kyonki hamaare paas itne paise naheen hain.

Raja: I have two brothers. Do you have any brothers or sisters?

Ram: Yes, I have. I have one brother and two sisters.

Raja: How old are they?

Ram: My brother is thirteen, my big sister is sixteen and my little sister is four.

Raja: Do they go to school?

Ram: Only my brother and I go (to school).

Raja: Why don’t your sisters go?

Ram: Because we don’t have (such) money.

                                                   

You can also make simple sentences using these words:

मेरे पास.....है।	mere paas….hai	I have…(sg)
मेरे पास......हैं।	mere paas….hain	I have…. (pl)
क्या आपके पास.....है?	kyaa aapke paas….hai?	Do you have….(sg)
क्या आपके पास ......हैं?	kyaa aapke paas….hain?	Do you have….(pl)
उसके पास.....नहीं है।	uske paas…..naheen hai	He doesn't have….(sg)
हमारे पास......नहीं हैं।	hamaare paas…naheen hain	We don't have….(pl)

भाई-बहिन	bhaaee-bahin	siblings
नया अखबार	nayaa akhbaar	new newspaper
पुरानी किताब	puraanee kitaab	old book
महंगे कपड़े	mahangee kapde	expensive clothes
अच्छे सब्जियां	acchhe sabziyaan	fresh vegetables
बहुत पैसे	bahut paise	lots of money
छोटे बच्चे	chhoTe bacche	small children